![]() ![]() For students JetBrain has also developed P圜harm Education. An open-source version is available as P圜harm Community Edition, and a proprietary version as P圜harm Professional Edition. An open-source version is available under the name IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition, and a proprietary version as IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition.įor Python. įor Java virtual machine–based languages such as Java, Groovy, Kotlin, and Scala. Lightweight multi-purpose IDE, with support for collaboration and remote workflows. Ī database administration tool for SQL databases.Ī data science tool for Jupyter Notebooks and Python. The initial version supports GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) and Clang compilers and GDB debugger, LLDB and Google Test. Ī test automation IDE that supports unit tests, UI tests and API tests.ĬLion (pronounced "sea lion") is a C and C++ IDE for Linux, macOS, and Windows integrated with the CMake build system. JetBrains announced that AppCode is being sunsetted but will receive technical support till 31 December 2023. Unlike most JetBrains products, that are cross-platform, AppCode is only available for macOS. Supports programming in C, C++, Objective-C and Swift. The following is a non-exhaustive list of integrated development environments (IDEs) distributed by JetBrains. Russian legal entity was liquidated on February 21, 2023. In response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the company suspended sales and R&D activities in Russia indefinitely as well as sales in Belarus. Ramakrishna said there was still no evidence". ![]() The CEO of one of the affected companies, SolarWinds, "asked about the possibility that software tools made by JetBrains, which speeds the development and testing of code, was the pathway, Mr. ![]() In a press release, JetBrains said they had not been contacted by any government or security agency and had not "taken part or been involved in this attack in any way". In 2021 The New York Times stated that unknown parties might have embedded malware in JetBrains' software that led to the SolarWinds hack and other widespread security compromises. In 2012 CEO Sergey Dmitriev was replaced by Oleg Stepanov and Maxim Shafirov. The company's first product was IntelliJ Renamer, a tool for code refactoring in Java. IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition is a free and open-source edition by JetBrains.JetBrains, initially called IntelliJ Software, was founded in 2000 in Prague by three Russian software developers: Sergey Dmitriev, Valentin Kipyatkov and Eugene Belyaev. IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition provides the tools we need for code development in many supported platforms. There are multiple editions of the IDE software. The community edition is free and with limited features. JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA (Community Edition) 2022.1.1 This is not the latest version of JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA (Community Edition) available. Other editions of the software are as follows:Ĭlick on Show applications tab on the left bottom corner. Search for the application keyword: IntelliJ in the search bar.Ĭlick on the IDEA Community search result to install the software.Ĭlick on the Install green button to download and install the application. ![]() To install JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA (Community Edition), run the following command from the command line or from PowerShell: > NOTE Private CDN cached downloads available for licensed customers. The application would be downloaded and installed on your machine. Never experience 404 breakages again Learn more. Incase, if you want to try the ultimate edition, pick and choose the commercial edition. The name of the commercial edition is ‘ IDEA Ultimate’. This edition is most suited for Enterprise development. Ultimate edition is available for a 30-day free trail evaluation. Once installed, we can launch the IDE by searching the name on the Show Applications screen.Ĭlick on the IntelliJ Icon to launch the application. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Can't remember the name of the function.Īre you using Helicon Focus? As far as I know, Helicon Focus takes that into account when it "renders" your stack. On my first stacking session I made an elementary mistake: didn't tell Photoshop to resize the images to compensate for the size differences caused by focusing at different distances. Not sure about the exact nature of your problem. You're lucky then! I, for one, prefer to set the camera on a tripod, shoot an unmoving subject, set the parameters in my camera, and have the camera take all the shots by itself.Ī shot like this that you posted would not suffer from halos, since there is no background interfering with the subject. Well, maybe focus rails enable you to avoid halos. It is a viable option though and one which many photographers use. Yes, you can focus stack in Photoshop, but it’s slow, sometimes painfully so, and, more importantly, the results are not always perfect. I think it was about $35, and reasonably well constructed. I don’t need another program You would be both right and wrong. IMO the best solution is to get the stack right in the first place, (I know, impossible in some cases.) I mostly use a focusing rail now, and in most cased, I don't need to do any touch-ups:īy focus rail do you mean you are moving the camera AND the lens, not refocusing the lens? I have been thinking about getting a Stackshot rail and controller for this. The stacking itself works well, though occasionally I actually get better results using just Photoshop. Focus stacking is used within many genres of photography but it’s perhaps most commonly used in landscape and macro photography. Ive done a few projects using the motorized rails and rotating tables they support to get some crazy stuff which is pretty rad. ![]() You can spend hours fixing little problems in stacking. The technique requires the use of both a camera and a post-processing software such as Adobe Photoshop or Helicon Focus. In my experience, a 'halo' can come from: 1) object moves, 2) images are not spaced closely enough, 3) something bad happened. ![]() Maybe you could post a screenshot that shows the defect you are trying to fix? It's tricky but I've been doing it by cloning, since I'm unsure of where to set parameters, and have read that increasing the radius can compromise image sharpness. I was wondering if it is preferable to avoid halos by increasing the radius in Helicon, or by post processing using cloning in either Helicon Focus or Photoshop. I'm very new to Helicon Focus and focus bracketing/stacking in general. ![]() ![]() ![]() Our Hello Ramadan 2023 website is now LIVE! Check it out and sign up to enjoy exclusive content and rewards for members! 1. You can also recite these during Terawih and use a mashaf (either a copy of the Quran, or a Quranic app) if you aren't confident in your recitation yet ? ![]() #HHWT Tip: One way to help you memorise these surahs faster is to give yourself more opportunities to pray! During Ramadan (and even after the month ends) you can add the sunnah Qabliyah and Ba'diyah prayers before and after your obligatory prayers. You can definitely try to increase your ibadah by learning new surahs to say during prayer! ? Not only is this helpful for doing sunnah Terawih prayers during Ramadan, but once you've memorised a new surah you can continue to use it once Ramadan is over! ? There are a total of 114 surahs in the Quran, and the last 20-30 surahs are among the shortest and easiest to memorise as they are usually shorter than 10 ayats long. Decemby UstadeQuran Surah Feel is also known as Surah Ababil, the 105th Surah in Quran. A warning, applicable for the individual self and every human being.During Ramadan, we try our best to increase our acts of ibadah whether through trying to complete the Quran before the end of the month, taking in Islamic knowledge through lessons or podcasts, or just finding ways to make this Ramadan meaningful while staying at home. This bayaan was given 30 years ago, and still, today too in 2011 we see the fall of tyrants, and will keep seeing, how this Sura is alive and will be till the end of Time. The surah is written in the interrogative form. It is a Meccan sura consisting of 5 verses. Very few could discourse on this Sura other than from a Historical perspective but then the Quraan is for all time, then, now and in future.This Sura describes what happened in the year before Rasool e Akram Sallallahu Alai wa Sallam was born. surah feel, surah al feel, surah e feel, surah feel in english, alam tara kaifa fala rabbuka, surah feel with urdu translation, suratul feel, surah. Surah Al Fil (Arabic:, Chapter of the Elephant) is the 105th chapter (surah) of the Quran. Though the surah may be short, its lines are a reminder of Gods might, and Gods wish to protect the Kaabaa. Alam tara kayfa faAAala rabbuka biashabi alfeeliĪnother Sura which Mazhar Ali Khan loved to explain again and again. Typically recited with the following surah (Surah Quraysh, 106), the surah takes its title from how God struck down the elephants of Abrahah when Abrahah was attempting to invade Mecca and tear down the Kaabah. ![]() Then did He make them like an empty field of stalks and straw, has been eaten up.ġ. Alam tara kaifa faala rab buka bi ashhabil fil 2. Striking them with stones of baked clay.ĥ. Al-Quran yang mulia mempunyai banyak nama antaranya Al-Quran Al-Kareem, Al-Kitab, Al-Furqan, Al-Mawitha, Al-Zikir, dan Al-Nur. And He sent against them Flights of Birds,Ĥ. Kami berharap agar kami dapat memudahkan semua orang dapat membaca, mempelajari dan memahami erti Al-Quran. Did He not make their treacherous plan go astray?ģ. Seest thou not how thy Lord dealt with the Companions of the Elephant?Ģ. ![]() ![]() ![]() Īnalysis by Don Hodges (source for The Cutting Room Floor article)Ī recreation of this glitch (as a feature) was much later included as an Easter egg in a Google Doodle in 2010 that was a playable version of the game.Each of the four ghosts has a unique behaviour while chasing Pac-Man. What Happens When You Reach The Pac-Man Kill Screen At Level 256 Thanks to a software bug called the 'Pac-Man kill screen,' the only way to beat the game Pac-Man is to do it blindfolded. Due to the original system being an 8-bit integer, it could only hold a maximum value of 255, leading to. You can gather a possible 14,600 points for each level, and if you gobble up a few fruits you add to the level. In Chase mode, the ghosts are trying to find and capture Pac-Man. Level 256, also known as the ‘kill screen,’ is a glitched level of Pac-Man. On this stage, the riht side of the screen turns into a jumbled mess of numbers and. Although hindering gameplay, skilled Pac-Man players have been able to navigate the map.ĭetailed explanation YouTube video by PLASMA GERĭetailed analysis by The Cutting Room Floor The game has been played obsessively over the years, with record-breaking players like Billy Mitchell and David Race reaching level 256 with a perfect score. What Is Pac-Man Level 256 Pac-Man level 256 is the 256th level in the original Pac-Man. This glitch occurs as part of a bug for the code in the game responsible for drawing fruit, specifically for Level 256 and causes the right half of the map to become corrupted. In the early 80s, the Map 256 Glitch (at least, in the small gaming circles it was known about in) was generally referred to as 'The Schoolyard Fence'. ![]() It was introduced in the original arcade version of the game in May 1980 (Japan) and October 1980 (North America). The Level 256 split screen is a glitch in Pac-Man and is regarded by some as one of the most infamous video game glitches. See guidelines at Glitch City Laboratories:Non-Pokémon glitches. This template is used to mark glitches that are in non-Pokémon games. Google Pacman - Easter Egg of the original Level 256 glitch Evie (ChickasaurusGL) 17.1K subscribers Subscribe 527 142K views 12 years ago Google have included an Easter Egg of the level. This article must comply with the non-Pokémon glitches guideline. See Non-Pokémon glitches for a list of non-Pokémon glitch articles. This article describes glitches in 007 The World Is Not Enough (PlayStation), a game outside the Pokémon franchise. ![]() ![]() ![]() The Beach Boys return for the second straight year to Freedom Hill, Aug. Tony Bennett is still performing at the age of 87, bringing his show here, Aug. The Nashville legend was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame two decades ago and is an icon in that genre. The singer has produced such hits as ‘Ain’t No Mountain High Enough’, ‘Theme from Mahogany’, ‘Reach Out And Touch’ as a solo act and ‘Where Did Our Love Go’, ‘Baby Love’ and ‘Stop In The Name Of Love’ as a member of the Supremes.īeyond the music, Ross is an Academy Award-nominated actress for her role as Billie Holiday as well as a Tony and Golden Globes winner.Ĭountry legend Willie Nelson brings his music to Freedom Hill, July 13. Ross was a member of the Supremes from 1959-70 before branching out into a successful solo career. This year, local legend Diana Ross opens the concert season. The amphitheater’s successful return as a regional player in the concert business was kicked off last June with a Huey Lewis and the News show. This is the second summer season for Freedom Hill since it was dormant starting in 2009. with American Idol winner Phillip Phillips, The Fray and the return of Mo Pop Festival and Chill On The Hill.’ ![]() From Tony Bennett, Daryl Hall and John Oates, Willie Nelson with Alison Krauss, and Yanni to current artists such as O.A.R. ‘We have a great lineup with a wide variety of acts covering all genres of music that will appeal to concert goers of all ages. ‘We’re so excited for an even bigger and better summer at Freedom Hill starting with Motown legend Diana Ross who is opening our 2014 season,’ said Tom Celani, CEO of Luna Hillside LLC, owner of Freedom Hill. and Phillip Phillips (together on June 22), to group borrowed from Italy, talent show winners Il Volo (June 19), to adult contemporary act Yanni (Aug. 15), Willie Nelson (July 13) and the Beach Boys (Aug. After Ross, in come acts that range from oldsters like Tony Bennett (Aug. The summer kicks off at Freedom Hill with Motown legend Diana Ross, who performs at the Sterling Heights venue June 13. Freedom Hill’s summer lineup has enough variety that it could rearrange the wedding cliche: something old, something new, something borrowed, something adult contemporary. ![]() ![]() ![]() Whichever examples of onomatopoeia strike you as the best description for your action, try a few today and see how they enliven the scene. Here's a list of some of the top onomatopoeia examples: Onomatopoeia is, with a few exceptions, the one time when you're writing that no one will correct your spelling! List of Onomatopoeia Examples For example, say you have a very specific idea of what that sound is, so instead of saying that the gravel crunched, maybe you make up a word that, when spoken aloud, sounds like the gravel. You could use the word crunch, which is a great example of onomatopoeia.īut if you wanted to take onomatopoeia a step further you could alter the word, or even make up a new word, to describe the sound. James walked across the gravel driveway, his boots crunching at each step. For example, American dogs say “woof woof,” but French dogs say “ouah ouah,” and Japanese dogs say “wan wan.” My favorite recent example of onomatopoeia is a humorous song about the sound a fox makes called “What Does a Fox Say” by the Norwegian group Ylvis.ĭifferent languages have their own onomatopoeias as well. ![]() Onomatopoeias is often used to describe the sounds animas make, like “oink” or “moo.” Use Onomatopoeia to Describe Animal Sounds Whatever you hear, try to capture it in a writing sound or a kind of sound effect for your reader. Is a faucet dripping? Or maybe you can hear the woosh of cars as they fly by on the freeway beside your house. To add onomatopoeia to your writing, pay attention to sounds around you. It doesn't have to be a poetic sound or a pleasant sound-the goal is to capture image. Not the best story I've ever told, but you get the idea, right? Onomatopoeia tries to capture the natural sounds that emerge from character action or setting detail. James walked across the gravel driveway, his boots crunching with each step. ![]() When you're writing, you may want the reader to hear the sound of gravel crunching beneath a character's feet. How to Write Sounds with OnomatopoeiaĪdding onomatopoeia to your writing engages the reader's imagination and forces them to mentally say that word, invoking the image or sound effect that you're trying to get across. A word that sounds like the sound it describes, e.g. How does onomatopoeia work? And how can you use it to write sounds? In this article, I'll give you the definition of onomatopoeia, share a list of onomatopoeia examples, and end with a creative writing exercise. That is the sound of onomatopoeia, one of the most fun words to spell in the English language, and if you want to know how to write sounds, an absolutely essential literary device. ![]() ![]() ![]() Standard pickles are actually quite low in calories, but their sodium content is high. Processed pickle snacks can vary wildly depending on what additives have been thrown into the mix, so check the packaging if you’re watching your calories or have allergies. Warren Young high school About Shipping And Recieving Specialist Activity Still getting asked if I struggle with being Black and Blue. ![]() Processed or dried pickle snacks can last significantly longer than that.īut are they healthy? Good question. You can expect pickles that are traditionally brined in saltwater to last up to two years. (ohsnappickles) 17K Followers, 1,749 Following, 112 Posts. The fermentation process that turns cucumbers into pickles also increases their longevity, which makes them the ideal candidate for a bagged snack. 17K Followers, 1,749 Following, 112 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from OH SNAP Pickling Co. Find quality condiment & sauces products to add to your Shopping. And as anyone who’s been to a county fair knows, they taste pretty decadent when fried. Sassy Bites Pickles (3.25 fl oz) at Gerbes Super Markets. We see pickles served up as side dishes and garnishes on everything from sandwiches to fine dining entrees. The new greenfield facility includes hydrocooling bulk wet pit. Really, this should come as news to no one. This project encompassed the construction of a 68000-square-foot pickle processing facility. But did you know it’s also one of the most versatile? For more information, visit you’ve acquired a taste for their salty, sour kick, pickles can be an irresistible snack. The maker of America’s top-selling brands, GLK Foods continues to be the leader in food product innovation and is committed to giving consumers choice, convenience, and quality in all products. So be sure to follow Oh Snap! on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, and be an advocate of pickles and pickle people everywhere on social media by using #NationalPickleDay, #ohsnappickles, and #ilovepickles throughout the day.Ībout GLK Foods: GLK Foods is a family-owned company with a 100-year tradition of making the finest quality sauerkraut and has grown to become the largest sauerkraut producer in the world. REVIEW KC Connection 337K subscribers Subscribe Share 16K views 4 years ago Pickles FoodReview 438 OH SNAP PICKLING CO. When you find the pickle, submit your answer via an online form to be entered for a chance to win a $100 VISA gift card and free samples of Oh Snap! pickle products. But Oh Snap Pickling Company has shaken up pickle packaging through the use of the stand-up pouch. In order to participate, like Oh Snap! on Facebook and find the pickle hidden in on the contest page. For as long as there have been pickles, there have been pickle jars. Unlike other dill pickle brands, our pickle in a pouch and hot pickles are perfect grab and go. ![]() 16, 2015 in celebration of National Pickle Day. Enjoy individually wrapped pickles from OH SNAP Pickles. 14, 2015 – Oh Snap! wants pickle lovers everywhere to share their love of pickles. Oh Snap! will be hosting a “Find the Oh Snap! Pickle” contest on social media Thursday, Nov. With National Pickle Day on the horizon – Saturday, Nov. Checkout our packaging and processing solutions finder, ProSource. Oh Snap! pickles are not only the best pickle in a pouch product on the market – they are also competitively priced. Two new high-speed Somic wraparound case packers are in the final stages of installation at OH SNAP Pickling Co.’s Wisconsin facility. ![]() Find quality snacks products to add to your Shopping List or order. With three different varieties, Oh Snap! individually packaged pickles are the easy-to-eat, grab-and-go snack for pickle lovers everywhere. The three varieties of Oh Snap! are available in leading retailers around the U.S. Hottie Bites Pickle Cuts (3.25 fl oz) at Food 4 Less.
![]() READ MORE: Should I File An Amended ReturnĪlthough the IRS says there’s no need to file an amended return, some early filers may still need to, especially if their recalculated AGI makes them eligible for additional federal credits and deductions not already included on their original tax return. The IRS does not have a date yet for when those in the second phase may receive a refund. ![]() If you have already filed your taxes, the IRS says its working through the taxes in two phases to automatically make the adjustment so you wont have to file an amended return. The good news is that you won't be punished if a crook uses your name and personal information to steal a tax refund from Uncle Sam.If you have not already filed your taxes, you will not need to pay taxes on that money and TurboTax says its software is already updated to make sure you claim that money properly. That's certainly the case with the unemployment compensation tax refunds. Whenever the government starts sending checks, criminals will try to get their hands on some of that money. However, check with your state to see if it has its own form. You may be able to use Form W-4V to voluntarily have federal income taxes withheld from your payments. So, to avoid a big tax bill when you file your 2021 return next year, consider having taxes withheld from any remaining unemployment payments you receive this year.Ĭontact your state unemployment office to have federal income taxes withheld from your unemployment benefits. Withholding from Unemployment CompensationĪgain, the $10,200 exemption only applies to unemployment compensation received in 2020. Don't use the corrected AGI if the IRS adjusts your 2020 return to account for the unemployment exclusion. ![]() If you use your AGI, make sure to use the AGI as originally reported on Line 11 of your 2020 Form 1040 or 1040-SR. ![]() Next year, when you try to e-file your 2021 tax return, you will have to sign and validate your electronic return by entering your prior-year AGI or your prior-year Self-Select PIN. Second, don't file an amended return to claim the additional child tax credit or earned income tax credit if you reply to a notice from the IRS stating you may be eligible for one of these credits and you're not requesting any other changes to your 2020 tax return. If you're suddenly eligible for these credits when the unemployment exemption is applied, the IRS will calculate the credit for you and include it in any overpayment. First, you don't need to file an amended return to claim the recovery rebate credit, earned income tax credit with no qualifying children, or the premium tax credit even if it wasn't claimed on your return. There are two exceptions to this general rule. (These taxpayers may want to review their state tax returns as well.) That said, most taxpayers will need to file an amended return if they didn't originally claim the tax credit, or other credits like the additional child tax credit, but now are eligible because the exclusion changed their income, according to the IRS. ![]() The IRS, for example, can adjust returns for those taxpayers who claimed the earned income tax credit and, because the exemption changed their income level, may now be eligible for an increase in the tax credit amount which may result in a larger refund. 10 Year-End Moves to Lower Your 2021 Tax Bill ![]() ![]() ![]() If this does not apply to you, begin at Step 1. Do not use the Degree Seeking (ApplyTexas) application because it is not customized for HCC F-1 students. If you already have an HCC student ID, make sure the information on your HCC account is updated and go to Step 3 below. HCC Foundation empowers HCC student success through philanthropic support, aligned with key HCC institutional initiatives. Learn more about our Centers - from Energy and Consumer Arts & Sciences to Business and Manufacturing - and partner with us today. HCC's 14 Centers of Excellence focus on top-notch faculty and industry best practices to give students the skills they need for a successful career. HCC in the Community Centers of Excellence Want to change your life? Hear from students, alumni, staff and faculty who've done just that at HCC, from culinary arts to engineering. With 21 locations around Houston, there's an HCC campus near you. Veteran & Military-Affiliated Student Success.HCC's Career & Job Placement Services Center offers career resources, employment opportunities, and internship possibilities. Paying for college? Visit Student Financial Services.Estimate your costs by semester with our tuition calculator.The outcomes of these trials are expected to change the landscape of HCC management at all evolutionary stages.Contact Us MyEagle Student Sign-in Give to HCC About HCC About the CollegeĪdmissions & Financial Aid Apply & Enroll New trials are exploring combination therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors or anti-VEGF therapies, or even combinations of two immunotherapy regimens. Six systemic therapies have been approved based on phase III trials (atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, sorafenib, lenvatinib, regorafenib, cabozantinib and ramucirumab) and three additional therapies have obtained accelerated FDA approval owing to evidence of efficacy. The current major advancements have impacted the management of patients with advanced HCC. Diagnosis based upon non-invasive criteria is currently challenged by the need for molecular information that requires tissue or liquid biopsies. ![]() Approximately 25% of all HCCs present with potentially actionable mutations, which are yet to be translated into the clinical practice. Moreover, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-associated HCC has a unique molecular pathogenesis. Infection by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are the main risk factors for HCC development, although non-alcoholic steatohepatitis associated with metabolic syndrome or diabetes mellitus is becoming a more frequent risk factor in the West. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer and accounts for ~90% of cases. Liver cancer remains a global health challenge, with an estimated incidence of >1 million cases by 2025. 14 Department of Oncology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.13 Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.12 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.11 The University of Tokyo, Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo, Japan.10 Department of Radiology, Miami Cancer Insitute, Miami, FL, USA.9 Department of Radiology, Pisa University School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy.8 White Plains Hospital Center for Cancer Care, Montefiore Health, White Plains, NY, USA.7 The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.6 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.5 Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.4 Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA. 3 Institució Catalana d'Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ![]() 2 Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ![]() ![]() When she woke up just before noon, he had been at work for hours.īeginning in 1780, Marie Antoinette began spending more and more time at the Petit Trianon, her private castle on the grounds of the Palace of Versailles, almost always without the king. When the king went to bed before midnight, Marie Antoinette's nights of partying and carousing had yet to begin. He was introverted, shy and indecisive, a lover of solitary pleasures such as reading and metalwork she was vivacious, outgoing and bold, a social butterfly who loved gambling, partying and extravagant fashions. The personalities of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette could not have been more different. Louis XV died in 1774, and Louis-Auguste succeeded him to the French throne as Louis XVI, making Marie Antoinette, at 19 years old, queen of France. "I put on my rouge and wash my hands in front of the whole world," she complained, referring to a ritual in which she was required to put on her makeup in front of dozens of courtiers. "Madame, my very dear mother," she wrote in one letter, "I have not received one of your dear letters without having the tears come to my eyes." She also bristled at some of the rituals she was expected to perform as a lady of the French royal family. The young woman did not adjust well to a married life for which she was obviously not ready, and her frequent letters home revealed intense homesickness. Marie Antoinette and Louis-Auguste were married on May 16, 1770. In May 1770, she set out for France to be married, escorted by 57 carriages, 117 footmen and 376 horses. ![]() The tutor found Marie Antoinette "more intelligent than has been generally supposed," but added that since "she is rather lazy and extremely frivolous, she is hard to teach." Marie Antoinette was a child of only 14 years, delicately beautiful, with gray-blue eyes and ash-blonde hair. In 1768, the king of France, Louis XV, dispatched a tutor to Austria to instruct his grandson's future wife. Within months, Marie Antoinette and Louis-Auguste, the future King Louis XVI, were pledged to marry each other. His death left the king's 11-year-old grandson, Louis-Auguste, heir to the French throne. In 1765, Louis, dauphin de France (also known as Louis Ferdinand), the son of French monarch Louis XV, died. ![]() ![]() With the conclusion of the Seven Years' War in 1763, the preservation of a fragile alliance between Austria and France became a priority for Empress Maria Theresa cementing alliances through matrimonial connections was a common practice among European royal families at the time. Marie Antoinette’s education was typical of an 18th-century aristocratic girl and focused primarily on religious and moral principles, while her brothers studied more academic subject matter. She lived a relatively carefree childhood. Marie Antoinette was the 15th and second to last child of Maria Theresa, empress of Austria, and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I. Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755, in Vienna, Austria. As consort to Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette was beheaded nine months after her husband by order of the Revolutionary tribunal. She became a symbol of the excesses of the monarchy and is often credited with the famous quote "Let them eat cake," although there is no evidence she actually said it. Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna, better known as Marie Antoinette, was the last queen of France who helped provoke the popular unrest that led to the French Revolution and to the overthrow of the monarchy in August 1792. ![]() |
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